Chapter 4. Carbon and its Compounds
16 sections · about 21 pages in the Science book (jesc104.pdf). Section anchors below are the targets of the citation chips you get back from an answer.
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Sections
- §4.1BONDING IN CARBON – THE COVALENT BOND — book page 1
- §4.2VERSATILE NATURE OF CARBON — book page 5
- §4.2.1Saturated and Unsaturated Carbon Compounds — book page 6
- §4.2.2Chains, Branches and Rings — book page 7
- §4.2.3Will you be my Friend? — book page 8
- §4.2.4Homologous Series — book page 9
- §4.2.5Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds — book page 10
- §4.3CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON COMPOUNDS — book page 12
- §4.3.1Combustion — book page 12
- §4.3.2Oxidation — book page 13
- §4.3.3Addition Reaction — book page 14
- §4.3.4Substitution Reaction — book page 14
- §4.4SOME IMPORTANT CARBON COMPOUNDS – ETHANOL — book page 14
- §4.4.1Properties of Ethanol — book page 15
- §4.4.2Properties of Ethanoic Acid — book page 16
- §4.5SOAPS AND DETERGENTS — book page 17
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Concept animations for this chapter
Interactive explanations, drawn in the page — no video, no external scripts. Each one is keyboard operable, has a “what to notice” caption, and a “try this” prompt that changes what it shows.
Carbon compounds: ball-and-stick models and the homologous series
conceptId: carbon-compounds
What to notice: Methane CH₄ has 1 carbon, 4 hydrogens — tetrahedral — four bonds 109.5° apart.
Try this: rotate methane and count the four bonds spreading out of the carbon (109.5° apart), then switch to ethene and see them flatten to 120°. Model note: this is a stick model built from standard bond lengths and angles — electron density, bond energies and any bending or stretching of the bonds are not modelled, and the benzene ring is drawn with alternating double bonds although its electrons are in fact delocalised.
counted from the model — formula: CH4, atoms: C1H4, bonds: 4 (4/0/0 single/double/triple)
10 further animations in the registries belong to other chapters.