Probability · Mathematics, chapter 14
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Probability — relative frequency converging to the theoretical value
conceptId: probability-sim
Probability: watch the frequency settle
CBSE Class 10 Mathematics · Ch 14 §14.1 — theoretical probability is what the relative frequency approaches as the number of trials grows.
- trials run
- 0
- successes
- 0
- relative frequency
- —
- theoretical probability
- 0.5000
- |observed − theoretical|
- —
- trials left before the 20,000 cap
- 20000
What to notice: a single toss is unpredictable, but the running relative frequency (blue) swings wildly for a few trials and then hugs the theoretical line (amber) more and more tightly — that is the empirical meaning of probability.
Try this: run 10 trials and note the gap, then run 1000 and compare the two gaps. Switch to the die and watch the same machinery converge on 1/6 instead of 1/2.
10 further animations in the registries belong to other chapters.
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